Squamous cells

Squamous cells are thin, flat, scale-like epithelial cells. Simple squamous epithelium (e.g., endothelium, alveolar lining) facilitates diffusion and filtration. Stratified squamous epithelium (e.g., skin epidermis, oral mucosa, esophagus) provides protection against abrasion and pathogens. The outermost cells may be keratinized (skin) or non-keratinized (esophagus). Their shape minimizes friction and allows for easy sloughing and replacement.