Neuroendocrine cells

Neuroendocrine cells are specialized cells that possess properties of both neurons (they receive neural input and may contain dense-core vesicles) and endocrine cells (they secrete hormones or peptides into the bloodstream). They are found scattered in various epithelia (e.g., lungs, GI tract) and in dedicated glands (adrenal medulla, pituitary). They release substances like serotonin, gastrin, or catecholamines in response to neuronal or chemical stimuli.