Enterocytes

Enterocytes are the principal absorptive columnar epithelial cells lining the small intestine villi. Their apical surface is covered with microvilli, forming a "brush border" that dramatically increases surface area for nutrient absorption. They digest and absorb carbohydrates, peptides, amino acids, and lipids. They also secrete water and ions and form a crucial barrier between the gut lumen and the internal environment.